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The efiects of intracerebroventricular(icv)agonists and antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors on the general anesthesia of propofol were studied.A tohal of 144 Kunming mice,male and female with body mass of(22±3)g,were used.Part One of the Experiment:a total of 104 Kunming mice,male and female,were randomly divided into 13 groups.Intracerebroventricular artificial cerebral fluid (aCSF)or different doses of NMDA,AMPA,MK-801 or NBOX was iniected immediately after intravenously administered propofol 25 mg/kg and the recovery time following the loss of righting reflex (LORR)was recorded.Part Two of the Experiment:a total of 40 Kunming female mice were divided randomly into 5 groups and iniected with icv aCSF or NMDA.AMPA.MK-801 or NBQX after intraperitoneally administered propofol 50 mg/kg.The pain threshold of the mice was then investigated by hot-plate test(HPPT).NMDA(0.05 or 0.075μg,icv)or AMPA(0.05 μg,icv)exhibited no effects on the LORR,but NMDA(0.1 μg,icv)or AMPA(0.075 or 0.1 μg,icv)prolonged the LORR significantly compared with the aCSF group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The LORR of the 2 μg MK-801 group had no changes,while those of the 4 or 8 μg MK-801 groups were prolonged significantly.The LORR of the 0.5,2 or 4 μg NBQX groups were all prolonged significantly.NMDA 0.05 μg or AMPA 0.05 μg decreased the pain threshold slightly but did not differ in effect compared with the aCSF group;2 μg MK-801 or 0.5 μg NBQX both increased the pain threshold significantly.Our results indicate that propofol produces general anesthesia partly through an interaction with brain NMDA and AMPA receptors in mice.