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本文从农业生产、农民经济与地主经济、以及城市诸方面,对比封建时代中国和西欧的情况,提出一些值得讨论的问题。如中国的单纯种植业和西欧的耕牧结合农业是否导致二者发展不同,中国的精耕农业与西欧的粗放农业究竟各有何利弊;中国与西欧的封建地主经济和小农经济都不是单纯的自然经济,而有商品经济的成分。但它们的经营原则,和市场关系均与资本主义经济不同;无论东方或西方,封建城市在经济上均是封建经济的一个组成部分,应该注意从城乡结合上研究封建城市在社会发展中的作用。
This article compares the situation in feudal China and Western Europe from agricultural production, peasant economy and landlord economy, as well as various aspects of cities, and puts forward some issues worth discussing. Such as the simple planting in China and the integration of farming and animal husbandry in Western Europe lead to different development between the two, what are the advantages and disadvantages of intensive farming in China and extensive agriculture in Western Europe; the feudal landlord economy and smallholder economy in both China and Western Europe are not simple Natural economy, but the composition of the commodity economy. However, their operating principles and market relations are different from those of capitalist economies. Whether the east or the west, feudal cities are economically part of the feudal economy, attention should be paid to studying the role of feudal cities in social development from the combination of urban and rural areas .