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通过研究新疆石人子沟遗址墓葬随葬坑、高台和石围居址等早期铁器时代遗迹出土的骆驼骨骼,确认随葬骆驼为双峰驼,测量骆驼牙齿及各部位骨骼、判断随葬骆驼的死亡年龄、观察骨骼表面切砍痕迹和病理现象,并利用~(14)C测年、碳氮稳定同位素和古DNA分析的方法,确定骆驼的年代、食性和种属。最后综合形体测量、病理现象、数量比例、考古现象、碳氮稳定同位素分析和古DNA分析结果,判断双峰驼是家养动物,还探讨了古代人类开发利用家养骆驼的方式。这样全方位地对考古遗址出土的骆驼骨骼进行研究,在中国骆驼研究史上尚属首次。
By studying the camel bones unearthed from the remains of early Iron Age, such as the burial sites of the Shirenziogou Site in Xinjiang, such as the burial pits, the Gaotai and the Shwewei sites, it is confirmed that the camels ’teeth and the bones of the burial camels are determined to be the camels’ The signs of cuttings and pathological changes on the surface of the bone were observed. The age, feeding habits and species of the camels were determined by ~ (14) C dating, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and ancient DNA analysis. In conclusion, the Bactrian Camel is a domesticated animal by comprehensive physical measurement, pathological phenomena, quantitative ratio, archeological phenomena, stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and ancient DNA analysis, and also explores the ways in which ancient Chinese people developed and utilized domesticated camels. Such a comprehensive study of camel skeletons unearthed from archaeological sites is the first time in the history of Chinese camel research.