对１９９６年杭州市３所小学的风疹暴发，和应急接种冻干风疹减毒活疫苗的效果进行了调查。结果显示：病儿风疹ＩｇＭ抗体检出率与采血时间密切相关，以出疹后５～２８天检出率最高（９７７３％）；风疹血凝抑制（ＨＩ）抗体临界滴度，显性感染为１∶１６，隐性感染为１∶２５６；抗体阴性的未接种疫苗者，经过风疹暴发，显性和隐性感染率分别辊为１３７９％、４４８３％，显性与隐性感染之比为１∶３６２５；暴发前抗体阳性率４０％，暴发后升至８８２４％，提示人群风疹抗体阳性率＞９０％可阻断风疹传播。抗体阴性者接种风疹疫苗后抗体全阳转，几何平均滴度倒数（ＧＭＲＴ）为２１８６９。风疹罹患率接种组和未种组分别为５８３％、２７６１％，疫苗保护率为７８８８％。 The results of the rubella outbreak in three primary schools in Hangzhou in 1996 and the live vaccination of freeze-dried rubella live attenuated vaccine were investigated. The results showed that the detection rate of rubella IgM antibody in sick children was closely related to the time of blood sampling, the detection rate was the highest (9773%) 5-7 days after rash, the critical titer of rubella HI, The infection was 1: 16, and the latent infection was 1: 256. In the unvaccinated unvaccinated individuals, the rates of dominant and recessive infections were 1379% and 4483% And latent infection ratio of 1:3625; before the outbreak of antibody positive rate of 40%, after the outbreak rose to 88  24%, suggesting that the crowd rubella antibody positive rate> 90% can block the spread of rubella. Antibody negative were vaccinated with rubella vaccine after full positive antibody rotation, geometric mean titer reciprocal (GMRT) was 218  69. The incidence of rubella inoculation group and non-species group were 583% and 2761% respectively, and the vaccine protection rate was 7888%.