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目的研究肝癌１７号和１６号染色体特定区域等位基因杂合性丢失（ＬＯＨ）发生情况，并探讨ＬＯＨ与肝癌的临床病理和乙型、丙型肝炎病毒感染的关系。方法用聚合酶链反应、微卫星多态性分析技术检测１７号和１６号染色体ＬＯＨ。结果１７号染色体６个位点在至少一个位点发生ＬＯＨ的有３１例（８２％），其中Ｄ１７Ｓ５２０（１７ｐ１２１３．３）和ＴＰ５３（１７ｐ１３．１）位点ＬＯＨ频率大于５０％；１７ｑ所选４个位点中，仅Ｄ１７Ｓ７９５位点ＬＯＨ频率大于３０％（４０％）。１６号染色体５个位点在至少一个位点发生ＬＯＨ的有２６例（７２％），所选５个位点ＬＯＨ率均大于５０％，其中以Ｄ１６Ｓ４１３（１６ｑ２４）位点ＬＯＨ率最高（７１％）。ｐ５３基因的ＬＯＨ与丙型肝炎病毒感染和肿瘤的大小有关；１６号染色体ＬＯＨ与肝癌的临床病理改变和乙型、丙型肝炎病毒感染无明显关系。结论１７号染色体，尤其是ｐ５３基因的ＬＯＨ与肝癌的发生有关，肝癌在染色体１６ｑ２４区ＬＯＨ率高，提示染色体１７ｐ和１６ｑ２４区可能存在多个与肝癌发生、发展相关的肿瘤抑制基因。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of allele loss (LOH) in specific regions of liver cancer chromosomes 17 and 16, and to explore the relationship between LOH and the clinicopathological features of liver cancer and hepatitis B and C viral infections. Methods Polymerase chain reaction and microsatellite polymorphism analysis were used to detect LOH on chromosomes 17 and 16. Results There were 31 cases (82%) of LOH at 6 loci on chromosome 17 in at least one locus, of which the LOH frequencies of D17S520 (17p1213.3) and TP53 (17p13.1) loci were greater than 50%; Of the 4 sites selected, only the D17S795 locus frequency was greater than 30% (40%). There were 26 cases (72%) of LOH in at least one locus of 5 loci on chromosome 16, and the LOH rates of the selected loci were all greater than 50%, of which the LOH rate was highest in D16S413 (16q24) loci (71%). ). The LOH of p53 gene is related to the infection of hepatitis C virus and the size of the tumor; there is no significant relationship between the LOH of chromosome 16 and the clinicopathological changes of liver cancer and the infection of hepatitis B and C. Conclusion LOH on chromosome 17, especially p53 gene, is related to the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. The LOH rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in chromosome 16q24 is high, suggesting that there may be multiple tumor suppressor genes associated with the occurrence and development of hepatocarcinoma in chromosome 17p and 16q24 regions.