目的建立一种方便准确的ABO基因分型检验方法。方法选取ABO基因外显子6和7上的3个位点nt261、nt297和nt803,分别对第6和7外显子进行扩增,并对扩增产物进行测序得出样本的基因型;然后用荧光标记的等位基因特异性引物对已知基因型的样本进行扩增,并用3130遗传分析仪进行电泳分析。结果该方法检出的基因型与测序得出的基因型完全一致。结论等位基因特异性引物法分型结果准确,特异性高,可用于法医学中对犯罪嫌疑人的筛查。 Objective To establish a convenient and accurate ABO genotyping test. Methods The three loci nt261, nt297 and nt803 of exon 6 and 7 of ABO gene were selected, and the exons 6 and 7 were amplified respectively, and the amplified products were sequenced to obtain the genotype of the samples. Then, Samples of known genotypes were amplified using fluorescently labeled allele-specific primers and electrophoresed on a 3130 Genetic Analyzer. Results The genotypes detected by this method were exactly the same as those obtained by sequencing. Conclusion The allele-specific primers are accurate and specific, which can be used for the screening of suspects in forensic medicine.