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明王朝的海外政策前期是官方的“朝贡贸易”与对私人贸易的“海禁”并举,后期实行了有条件的“开禁”。正是在明朝后期,太平洋东部航线开通,与太平洋西部航线连为一体,第一次实现了以南中国海为中心的全球“海道大通”。马尼拉大帆船贸易由此而开始。大帆船贸易出口了大量的中国制造品,输入了大量的白银以及传入了美洲物种,结果在经济、社会、政治、文化等方面对当时的中国造成了多方面的影响。大帆船贸易的历史也带给了我们多方面的启示。
The Ming Dynasty’s overseas policy was preceded by the official “tributary trade” and the “ban on private trade”, and the latter implemented a conditional “ban”. It was in the latter part of the Ming Dynasty that the opening of the eastern route to the Pacific Ocean and the integration with the western Pacific route made it the first time that the world-wide “Chase Odyssey” centering on the South China Sea was realized. The Manila galleon trade began. The large galleon trade exported a large amount of Chinese manufactured goods, imported a large amount of silver and introduced American species. As a result, China’s economy was affected by many factors, including economic, social, political and cultural aspects. The history of galleon trade has also brought us many enlightenments.