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小山水电站项目建设区土壤原属轻度侵蚀， 工程竣工后上升为中度侵蚀， 局部地带生态环境破坏严重， 已影响河道行洪能力和电厂生产。为此， 根据各施工环节所造成的水土流失的发生时间、侵蚀强度、流失危害和治理难度及工程布置等， 对项目建设区的水土流失进行分区防治。水土保持设计中， 始终贯穿生态学思想， 工程措施与生物措施有效配置。对于生物措施， 在考虑环境耐受性的同时， 十分注重生态效益、经济效益和景观美化。对于进厂公路崩塌易发段， 采用了混凝土喷锚护坡， 这在东北水电项目水土保持设计中尚属首次。
The soil of the Xiaoshan Hydropower Station project area was lightly eroded. After the completion of the project, the soil was moderately eroded. The ecological environment in some areas was seriously damaged and affected the flood discharge capacity of river courses and power plant production. Therefore, according to the occurrence time of soil and water loss, erosion intensity, loss hazard, difficulty of treatment and project arrangement caused by each construction link, the water and soil loss in the project construction area shall be zoned and controlled. In the design of soil and water conservation, ecological engineering, engineering measures and biological measures are always applied effectively. For biological measures, we must pay great attention to ecological benefits, economic benefits and landscaping while considering environmental tolerance. It is the first time for the design of soil and water conservation of Dongbei Hydropower Project to adopt the concrete spray anchor protection for the prone section of highway collapse.