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在古代世界史的課程中,某些教師在講述生產勞動時,常常把勞動描寫成了沉重的負担,並且努力地促使學生們同情被剝削者艱難的景况,而這種景况彷彿是艱苦的体力勞動所引起來的。 這種說明不僅不能反映历史的真实,而且對我們的社會,勞動者的社會,也是欲助反损的,因為這種說明会使得學生們不正確地對待體力勞動,把体力勞动當成一種不體面的事。在人類社會中,勞動是必需的。當講授古代社會生產力的發展時,我們應當指出,社會前進的第一個原因就是人民的勞動生產率的增長。我們必須把歷史教学安排得能讓學生們瞭解到歷史的主人是勞動者,能護他們用勞動者的眼光來看待他們所學到的歷史事件。在强調普通人——物質资料生產者——在人類社會前進中的主導作用時,約·維·斯大林说過:‘由此可見,社會發展史同時也就是物質资料生產者本身底歷史,即身為生產過程中基本力量並实現着社會生存所必需物質资料生產的那些勞动群众底历史。’〔聯共(布)黨史簡明教程,莫斯科版,中文本,第一五三頁〕如果有人问我奴隸和農民起義的原因是什么,那么我將這樣地回答這个问题,‘是不是勞動的艱苦引起了起義呢?假若把奴隶們所耕作的
In the course of ancient world history, some teachers often described labor as a heavy burden when they talked about productive labor, and they tried their best to encourage students to sympathize with the difficult situation of the exploited people, which seems to be a strenuous effort Caused by labor. Such explanations not only fail to reflect the truth of history, but also help anti-loss to our society and labors’ societies because such explanations will make students incorrectly treat manual labor and regard manual labor as an unsatisfactory Thing. In human society, labor is necessary. When teaching about the development of the productive forces in ancient societies, we should point out that the first reason social progress is the growth of people’s labor productivity. We must arrange history teaching so that students understand that the masters of history are laborers who can help them treat the historical events they have learned in the eyes of their laborers. In emphasizing the leading role of ordinary human-material data producers in the advance of human society, JV Stalin said: ’Thus we can see that the history of social development is also the history of the material data producers themselves, That is, the history of the working masses, who are the basic forces in the production process and the materials necessary for their social survival. [Concise Guide to the History of the Communist Party of China (Moscow), Moscow, Chinese, p. 53). If anyone asked why I am a slave and peasant uprising, then I will answer the question "Is not it The hard labor caused the uprising? If the slaves cultivated