国有大中型企业负担过重是一个较普遍的问题。建筑施工企业虽有其自身特点，但也普遍存在队伍过多、年龄老化、机构臃肿、企业办社会负担过重等难题，特别是企业越老包袱越重，严重地制约着企业活力的增强。企业负担过重的原因是多方面的，但一条重要的原因就是长期实行的吃大 The overburdened state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises is a relatively common problem. Although building construction enterprises have their own characteristics, there are also many problems such as too many teams, ageing, overstaffed institutions, overburdened enterprises, and so on. In particular, the longer the company is, the heavier the burden is, which seriously restricts the enhancement of the enterprise’s vitality. There are many reasons why enterprises are overburdened, but one important reason is the long-term implementation of eating