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本文从开发区产出及其FDI两个方面采用动态面板数据的GMM估计法考察了中国国家级经济技术开发区成败的决定因素。实证结果表明,尽管FDI对开发区产出产生了重要影响,但聚集经济和产业配套能力是影响开发区产出的最重要因素。因此,开发区要成功,首先应提升产业配套能力,其次是加大招商引资力度。此外,实证分析还证明了地价政策是无效的。因此,在招商引资中,开发区不要一味地通过低地价、甚至是零地价政策,进行恶性竞争。
This article examines the determinants of the success or failure of China’s state-level economic and technological development zones from the GMM estimation method of dynamic panel data on both the output of the development zone and its FDI. The empirical results show that, although FDI has a significant impact on the output of the development zone, the most important factor that affects the output of the zone is agglomeration economy and industrial supporting capacity. Therefore, to be successful, the development zone should first of all improve the industrial supporting capacity, and secondly, intensify investment promotion efforts. In addition, empirical analysis also proves that land price policy is invalid. Therefore, in investment promotion, development zones should not blindly adopt vicious competition through low land prices and even zero land price policies.