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目的探讨乌鲁木齐市十年间儿科住院患儿疾病谱的变迁趋势,提出针对少数民族地区儿童疾病的预防保健及诊疗对策。方法采用整群分层随机方法抽取了乌鲁木齐市两家三甲医院儿科住院患儿为研究对象,计算各系统疾病的构成比。采用统计描述、卡方检验等方法对病案首页数据进行分析。结果十年来乌鲁木齐市儿科住院患儿人数呈上升趋势。呼吸系统疾病一直占住院患儿疾病谱的第一位;哮喘成为儿童时期常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病,近年来发病率显著增加。血液系统及神经系统疾病、肿瘤类疾病呈现上升趋势。维吾尔族患儿在各少民族患病儿童中居首位,其次为回族、哈萨克族、蒙古族。结论十年间乌鲁木齐市儿童疾病谱发生明显变化。加强常见病、多发病的防治仍然是工作的重点,同时对增长较快的疾病给予重视和积极诊治。
Objective To explore the changing trend of pediatric disease spectrum in pediatric inpatients in Urumqi during the past 10 years and to put forward the preventive and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of childhood diseases in ethnic minority areas. Methods The stratified stratified random method was used to collect pediatric inpatients from two top-three hospitals in Urumqi as the research object, and to calculate the constituent ratio of each system disease. Using statistical description, Chi-square test and other methods to analyze the first page of medical record data. Results The number of pediatric pediatric inpatients in Urumqi has been on the rise in recent ten years. Respiratory diseases have been the number one disease in pediatric patients; asthma has become a common chronic respiratory disease in childhood, with a significant increase in morbidity in recent years. Hematological and neurological diseases, tumor diseases showed an upward trend. Uyghur children in all ethnic minorities prevail among children, followed by Hui, Kazak, Mongolian. Conclusion The disease spectrum of children in Urumqi has changed significantly in ten years. To strengthen the prevention and treatment of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases is still the focus of work, meanwhile paying more attention and active diagnosis and treatment to the diseases with faster growth.