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以4名中超俱乐部的足球运动员/教练员为研究对象,采取解释现象学和个案研究相结合的质的研究范式,探讨了优秀运动员转型为教练员的心理适应过程。研究结果显示,运动员并未表现出较好的退役计划性,经过一个短暂的接受过程走上教练岗位,心理特征具有一定的被动性。在调整期,运动员的适应行为积极主动地发生。进入发展期,对教练员这一职业的认同度达到一个较高水平,开始追求作为一名教练员的全方位发展与提高。基于此,建议足球运动员及早明确职业生涯规划,培养良好的职业意识。
Taking the 4 footballers / coaches in the Super League as the research object, this paper takes a qualitative research paradigm which explains the combination of phenomenology and case study, and probes into the mental adaptation process of elite athletes into coaches. The results show that athletes did not show a good plan of retirement, after a short period of acceptance of the coaching position, the psychological characteristics have a certain degree of passivity. During the adjustment period, the athlete’s adaptive behavior takes place actively. Into the development period, the occupation of the coaching profession to a higher level of recognition, began to pursue all-round development and improvement as a coaching staff. Based on this, it is suggested that football players plan their careers early and cultivate good professional awareness.