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【摘 要】GPS的英文全称是Navigation Satellite Timing And Ranging Global Position System简称GPS，有时也被称作NAVSTAR GPS，其意为“导航星测时与测距全球定位系统”，或简称全球定位系统。GPS起源于上个世纪五六十年代，最初由美国研发设计供军方使用，后来随着科学技术的发展及工民建对全球定位系统的需要，全球定位系统开放民用功能并得以深度开发和应用，但使用SA和AS政策对它的应用加以限制，目前形成了24颗卫星（含3颗备用卫星）组成的卫星系统，因其能在全球范围内，提供实时、连续、全天候的导航定位及授时服务，在各行业中得到广泛的应用。
【关键词】GPS；矿山；控制网；数据处理；Trimble Total Control；最小二乘法；平差
Application of GPS in Mineral Exploration
Wang Wen-cai,Shao Xin-min
(Non-ferrous metals, East China, Jiangsu Province, Geological Survey Bureau Nanjing Jiangsu 210007)
【Abstract】The English name of the GPS Navigation Satellite Timing And Ranging Global Position System, referred to as GPS, sometimes referred to as NAVSTAR GPS, which means the navigation star measured and Ranging Global Positioning System ", or referred to as the Global Positioning System. GPS originated in the fifties and sixties of the last century, was originally designed by U.S. research and development for military use, and later with the development of science and technology and civil engineering needs of the global positioning system, global positioning system open civil functions and can be the depth of development and application, but the use of SA and AS policy to its application to restrict the formation of 24 satellites (with three spare satellites) composed of satellite systems, because on a global scale, providing real-time, continuous, all-weather navigation and positioning and when the service has been widely used in various industries.
【Key words】GPS;Mine;Control network;Data processing;Trimble Total Control;Least squares method;Adjustment
地质找矿一般是在未开发的山区进行，工作的区域地形状况一般比较复杂，而且没有可供汽车行驶的大路，其间又多有灌木乔木等植被，通视条件较差；若使用其它仪器利用常规方法测量，不仅仪器多、重，投入人员多，测量程序复杂，投入费用相应增加，而且受各种条件的影响，施工难度较大，工期难以保证，在这种情况下，使用GPS全球定位系统来进行控制网的布设和其它测量工作就方便多了。
【关键词】GPS；矿山；控制网；数据处理；Trimble Total Control；最小二乘法；平差
Application of GPS in Mineral Exploration
Wang Wen-cai,Shao Xin-min
(Non-ferrous metals, East China, Jiangsu Province, Geological Survey Bureau Nanjing Jiangsu 210007)
【Abstract】The English name of the GPS Navigation Satellite Timing And Ranging Global Position System, referred to as GPS, sometimes referred to as NAVSTAR GPS, which means the navigation star measured and Ranging Global Positioning System ", or referred to as the Global Positioning System. GPS originated in the fifties and sixties of the last century, was originally designed by U.S. research and development for military use, and later with the development of science and technology and civil engineering needs of the global positioning system, global positioning system open civil functions and can be the depth of development and application, but the use of SA and AS policy to its application to restrict the formation of 24 satellites (with three spare satellites) composed of satellite systems, because on a global scale, providing real-time, continuous, all-weather navigation and positioning and when the service has been widely used in various industries.
【Key words】GPS;Mine;Control network;Data processing;Trimble Total Control;Least squares method;Adjustment
地质找矿一般是在未开发的山区进行，工作的区域地形状况一般比较复杂，而且没有可供汽车行驶的大路，其间又多有灌木乔木等植被，通视条件较差；若使用其它仪器利用常规方法测量，不仅仪器多、重，投入人员多，测量程序复杂，投入费用相应增加，而且受各种条件的影响，施工难度较大，工期难以保证，在这种情况下，使用GPS全球定位系统来进行控制网的布设和其它测量工作就方便多了。