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目的:探讨不同手术方法对女性内分泌及性生活质量的影响。方法:回顾性分析于我院就诊并确诊为子宫肌瘤的患者80例,其中A组(施行全子宫切除术)40例,B组(子宫肌瘤挖除术)40例。分别对两组不同术式的患者血清E2、P、LH和FSH水平和性功能做出评价,以探讨两种术式对患者内分泌和性生活质量的影响。结果:A、B两组术后E2、P水平分别与术前相比显著降低(A组:t=14.561,16.798;P=0.014,0.026。B组:t=11.763,15.861;P=0.031,0.019),而LH和FSH水平分别与术前相比显著升高(A组:t=11.874,9.756;P=0.037,0.028。B组:t=12.314,8.479;P=0.043,0.036),A组与B组相比血清E2、P的降低程度(t=5.761,7.893;P=0.043,0.036)与LH和FSH的升高程度显著升高(t=4.198,5.693;P=0.026,0.041);A组术后性欲、性唤起、性高潮、性心理和性行为评分与术前相比显著均降低,其中性欲、性唤起和性心理差异具有统计学意义(t=1.457,1.146,1.189;P=0.032,0.026,0.044),B组术后性欲、性唤起、性高潮、性心理和性行为评分与术前相比显著均升高(t=4.798,3.315,4.156,5.513,4.591;P=0.024,0.032,0.027,0.034,0.037),B组患者术后性欲、性唤起、性高潮、性心理和性行为评分与A组患者术后相比均显著升高(t=4.156,3.571,4.441,2.674,3.474;P=0.014,0.021,0.032,0.011,0.002)。结论:子宫肌瘤切除术相对于全子宫切除术对患者内分泌紊乱程度和性生活质量影响较小。