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质谱学在最近一二十年的发展特别迅速,有机质谱学已经发展成为一门独立的科学,有几种专门的国际性质谱学期刊。质谱与核磁共振、红外光谱、紫外光谱已被认为是有机结构分析的四大工具。其中有机质谱占有特别重要的地位,与其它仪器分析方法相比,质谱分析具有敏灵度高,分析速度快等特点。通常只需要微克级的样品便可得到一张可供结构分析用的质谱图,所用样品量比红外光谱及核磁共振方法低几个数量级。质谱分析的另一个特点是分析速度快,几秒钟内就可完成一次分析。它可以方便地与最有力的分离手段——色谱——联用,成为有机化合物分离和鉴定的有效工具。
Mass spectrometry has developed particularly rapidly in the last decade or two. Organic mass spectrometry has evolved into an independent science with several specialized international mass spectrometry journals. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy has been considered as the four major tools of organic structure analysis. Among them, organic mass spectrometry occupies a particularly important position. Compared with other instrumental analysis methods, mass spectrometry has the characteristics of high sensitivity and high analysis speed. Often only one microgram of sample is needed to get a mass spectrometer for structural analysis, using orders of magnitude fewer samples than IR and NMR methods. Another feature of mass spectrometry is the fast analysis, which completes an analysis in seconds. It is conveniently combined with chromatography, the most powerful separation method, to be an effective tool for the isolation and characterization of organic compounds.