尾矿场污染物的扩散,不仅与地表径流密切相关,而且与当地的地下水动态有直接的关系。地下水的天然成分能使某些污染物以溶液形式运移,地下水的分布和运动则控制着污染物在地下的实际扩散。因此,污染物的扩散是一个三维问题,很难在地表加以监测或预测。然而,决定地下水动态的参数实质上是一些地质参数,所以通过地质分析可了解某一尾矿场污染物发生地下扩散的可能性,并最大限度地减少所发生的实际扩散。在设计尾矿场时,应尽可能防止污染溶液进入地下水系统,即防止地下水与尾矿之间发生相互作用。这就要求尾矿场的底部是不透水的,而且要严格控制污染水的运动。由于矿山往往要产生大量的尾矿,所以上述要 The spread of tailings pollutants is not only closely related to surface runoff, but also has a direct relationship with the local groundwater dynamics. The natural composition of groundwater can cause some pollutants to migrate as a solution. The distribution and movement of groundwater control the actual underground diffusion of pollutants. Therefore, the spread of pollutants is a three-dimensional problem that is difficult to monitor or predict at the surface. However, the parameters that determine groundwater dynamics are, in essence, some of the geological parameters, so geologic analyzes reveal the potential for underground diffusion of contaminants at a tailings site and minimize the actual diffusion that takes place. In the design of tailing ponds, contaminants should be prevented from entering the groundwater system as much as possible to prevent interaction between groundwater and the tailings. This requires that the bottom of the tailings be watertight, and that the movement of polluted water be strictly controlled. As the mine tends to produce a large number of tailings, so the above