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目的分析铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布特征及耐药性。方法选取湖南旺旺医院2012—2016年送检的临床标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌815株,经菌株鉴定与药敏试验分析铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布特征及耐药性。结果2012—2016年共分离出815株铜绿假单胞菌,占分离细菌株的9.1%,其中640株来源于痰液,占78.5%。2016年铜绿假单胞菌对头孢他啶、头孢吡肟和亚胺培南耐药率高于2012年(P<0.05)。其中碳青霉烯类亚胺培南的耐药率2012年为8.3%,2016年增至19.8%。2016年铜绿假单胞菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星耐药率低于2012年(P<0.05)。多重耐药菌株从2012年的6.6%增加至2016年的10.4%,泛耐药菌株从2012年1.6%增加至2016年的4.2%。结论铜绿假单胞菌易产生多药耐药菌株和泛耐药株,建议加强对其耐药性监测,依据药敏试验结果合理选择抗菌药物,加强预防及合理使用抗菌药物,减少医院感染及多药耐药株产生。
Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods 815 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens collected from Hunan Want Want Hospital during 2012-2016 were selected for clinical analysis and antibiotic susceptibility test by strain identification and drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 815 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from 2012 to 2016, accounting for 9.1% of isolates. Of these, 640 strains originated from sputum, accounting for 78.5%. In 2016, the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime, cefepime and imipenem were higher than those in 2012 (P <0.05). Among them, the resistance rates of carbapenem imipenem were 8.3% in 2012 and 19.8% in 2016. In 2016, the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin / tazobactam, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were lower than those in 2012 (P <0.05). Multidrug resistant strains increased from 6.6% in 2012 to 10.4% in 2016, and pan-drug resistant strains increased from 1.6% in 2012 to 4.2% in 2016. Conclusions Pseudomonas aeruginosa is easy to produce multidrug-resistant strains and pan-drug-resistant strains. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of its drug resistance, to select antimicrobial agents reasonably based on drug susceptibility test results, to enhance prevention and rational use of antimicrobial agents, to reduce nosocomial infections and Multidrug-resistant strains produce.