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为提高北京市自然保护区管理的有效性,了解保护区面临的主要压力与威胁,确定保护区管理的保护优先性,本文利用自然保护区管理快速评估和优先性确定(RAPPAM)方法,于2006年对北京现有的20个保护区进行了问卷调查与分析,结果表明:北京市市级及以上保护区在资源本底调查和规划上基本符合保护区建设的要求,但在管理、投入、宣教上存在严重不足;县级保护区基本上处于批而不建的状态。保护区面临的主要威胁有水源匮乏、筑坝、火灾、旅游等。在管理上,由于资金不足,50%的保护区不能进行较为系统地规划与管理,尤其是拒马河、云峰山、玉渡山、喇叭沟门、云蒙山保护区急需在管理上进行加强。并根据保护区现状,在管理、资金投入、社区共管等方面提出了建议。
In order to improve the effectiveness of nature reserves management in Beijing, understand the main pressures and threats to the protected areas and determine the conservation priority of the protected areas management, this paper uses the RAPPAM The survey and analysis of the 20 existing protected areas in Beijing showed that Beijing’s municipality and above protected areas basically meet the requirements for the construction of protected areas on the basis of investigation and planning of resources. However, in the management, input, There is a serious shortage of education; county-level protected areas are basically in a state of approval but not built. The main threats to protected areas are water scarcity, damming, fires and tourism. In management, due to lack of funds, 50% of the protected areas can not be planned and managed in a systematic manner. In particular, the Juma River, Yunfeng Mountain, Jade Mountain, Laba Gate and Yunmeng Mountain Reserve are in urgent need of management strengthening . According to the status quo of protected areas, suggestions are put forward in terms of management, capital investment and community co-management.