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能源补贴广泛存在于世界各国,是政府为纠正市场失灵而采取的一种重要经济干预手段。多个国际机构的研究表明,改革低效化石燃料补贴有利于化石燃料高效利用、减少温室气体排放、促进清洁能源发展,是促进能源结构转型、完善能源市场建设和应对气候变化的必要组成部分。自中美率先在G20框架下开展逐步取消低效、鼓励浪费型消费的化石燃料补贴同行审议以来,德国和墨西哥也已完成相互审议,印尼和意大利也承诺进行审议。本文在分析G20框架下同行审议进程的基础上得出了有益的启示。
Energy subsidies exist in a wide range of countries in the world and are an important economic intervention adopted by the government to correct market failures. Research by several international agencies shows that the reform of inefficient fossil fuel subsidies is conducive to the efficient use of fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting the development of clean energy. It is an essential part of promoting energy restructuring, improving the energy market and coping with climate change. Since China and the United States took the lead in fostering fossil fuel subsidies that inefficiently encourage wasteful consumption under the G20 framework, Germany and Mexico have also completed mutual reviews since their peer review. Indonesia and Italy have also promised to review them. This article draws a useful enlightenment on the basis of analyzing the peer review process under the G20 framework.