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目的了解无锡市居民骨质疏松患病情况及影响因素,为制定防治骨质疏松疾病措施和政策提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取江苏省无锡市65 016名年龄≥18岁的常住居民进行骨质疏松患病情况调查,探讨骨质疏松的影响因素。结果多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性骨质疏松患病的危险是男性的2.13倍,以年龄<20岁为参照组,年龄50岁~、60岁~、70岁~、80岁~、≥90岁患骨质疏松病的危险性分别为5.14、10.99、14.02、18.77、18.83倍;办事人员较机关/党群组织/企事业负责人易患骨质疏松症(OR=1.35);睡眠质量一般(OR=1.21)与睡眠质量差者(OR=1.39)较睡眠质量好者易患骨质疏松;生活紧张度一般(OR=1.33)与紧张者(OR=1.45)较生活轻松者易患骨质疏松症;职业性体力活动轻度(OR=1.14)与中度者(OR=1.32)较不太活动者易患骨质疏松;腰围大(OR=1.02)、饮酒(OR=1.76)、糖尿病(OR=1.20)、慢性肾炎(OR=3.54)、慢性肝炎(OR=4.41)、甲亢(OR=4.25)为骨质疏松患病的危险因素;体质指数高(OR=0.98)为骨质疏松的保护因素;体育锻炼1~2次/周(OR=0.79)、3~5次/周(OR=0.83)为骨质疏松患病的保护因素,≥6次/周(OR=1.20)为危险因素;每天食用蔬菜量为0.25~0.49 kg(OR=1.35)、<0.25 kg(OR=1.84)较≥0.5 kg易患骨质疏松,多吃蔬菜为保护因素。结论养成健康的饮食生活习惯、提倡适度运动、保持轻松愉悦的生活,并针对重点人群进行健康监护和治疗,是降低和预防骨质疏松的有效方法之一。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis in residents of Wuxi and provide evidence for the development of measures and policies to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey the prevalence of osteoporosis in 65 016 residents aged ≥ 18 years in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and to explore the influencing factors of osteoporosis. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of osteoporosis in females was 2.13 times higher than that in males, with the age less than 20 years as the reference group, with the ages ranging from 50 to 60 years old, 70 years old to 80 years old, ≥ 90-year-old suffering from osteoporosis risk were 5.14,10.99,14.02,18.77,18.83 times; office workers more organs / party organizations / enterprises and institutions are susceptible to osteoporosis (OR = 1.35); quality of sleep General (OR = 1.21) and poor sleep quality (OR = 1.39) were predisposed to osteoporosis compared with those with good sleep quality. The average life stress (OR = 1.33) and stress (OR = 1.45) (OR = 1.14) and moderate (OR = 1.32) were less likely to have osteoporosis than those who were less active. The waist circumference (OR = 1.02) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.76) (OR = 1.20), chronic nephritis (OR = 3.54), chronic hepatitis (4.41) and hyperthyroidism (OR = 4.25) were the risk factors of osteoporosis.High body mass index (OR = 0.79), 3 ~ 5 times / week (OR = 0.83) were the protective factors of osteoporosis, ≥6 beats / week (OR = 1.20 ) As a risk factor; daily consumption of vegetables 0.25 ~ 0.49 k g (OR = 1.35), <0.25 kg (OR = 1.84) more than 0.5 kg susceptible to osteoporosis, eat more vegetables as a protective factor. Conclusions It is one of the effective ways to reduce and prevent osteoporosis by developing healthy dietary habits, advocating moderate exercise, maintaining a relaxed and happy life, and performing health monitoring and treatment for key populations.