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1 概述当通过水轮机过流部件的水流中含有一定数量的悬移泥沙时,坚硬的泥沙颗粒撞击和磨削过流表面,使其材料因疲劳和机械破坏而损坏。水轮机泥沙磨损属于自由颗粒水动力学磨损。被磨损的部件为水轮机的各过流部件,包括压力管道、蜗壳、座环、导水机构、转轮、转轮室及尾水管。由于磨蚀以及局部气蚀的发生,会加重过流部件材料的破坏。特别是水流含沙量高、水头又较高的时候,水轮机的泥沙磨蚀会给水电站的运行造成很严重的损失,危害性是很大的,应该引起高度重视。影响
1 General When a certain amount of suspended sediment is contained in the flow of water flowing through an overcurrent component of a turbine, hard sediment particles impact and grind the overcurrent surface and cause damage to the material due to fatigue and mechanical damage. Turbine sediment wear belongs to the free-particle hydrodynamic wear. Worn components for the turbine flow components, including pressure pipes, volute, seat ring, water guide, runner, runner room and draft tube. Due to abrasion and local cavitation, the damage of the overcurrent component will be aggravated. Especially when the sediment concentration is high and the water head is high, the erosion and erosion of hydraulic turbines will cause serious losses to the hydropower station operation. The danger is great and should be given high priority. influences