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试验旨在探究低鱼粉饲料中添加微囊氨基酸和蛋白酶对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、营养物质利用、消化酶活性的影响。试验设计5组等氮等能饲料:鱼粉含量20%的正对照组、鱼粉含量15%的负对照组(豆粕等蛋白替代鱼粉)、在负对照饲料中分别添加微囊赖氨酸(500 mg/kg)、蛋氨酸(900 mg/kg)(达到正对照饲料一致水平),175 mg/kg蛋白酶,微囊赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和175 mg/kg蛋白酶,饲喂初始体质量为(2.96±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾6周。结果表明:正对照组具有最大增重率和最低饲料系数,而负对照组的增重率最低,饲料系数最高;在负对照饲料中补充氨基酸、蛋白酶后,有提高增重率和降低饲料系数趋势(P>0.05);同时补充氨基酸和蛋白酶后,虾体增重率提高11.5%,饲料系数降低0.18(P<0.05),显著提高了蛋白质沉积率、干物质和粗蛋白消化率。全虾水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量,虾体粗脂肪沉积率和肝胰腺淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性在各组均无显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,在含15%鱼粉的饲料中单独补充900 mg/kg微囊蛋氨酸、500 mg/kg微囊赖氨酸或175 mg/kg蛋白酶,对凡纳滨对虾生长的改善不显著,联合添加微囊氨基酸和蛋白酶可显著提高虾体生长性能和营养物质利用率。
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of microencapsulated amino acids and proteases on the growth, nutrient utilization and digestive enzyme activities of Litopenaeus vannamei. The experiment was conducted to design nitrogen and other feedstuffs of 5 groups: positive control group with 20% fish meal content, negative control group with 15% fish meal content (protein replacement fishmeal such as soybean meal), micro-cytoplasmic lysine methionine (175 mg / kg), protease (175 mg / kg), methionine (175 mg / kg) and methionine (900 mg / kg) ) g of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei for 6 weeks. The results showed that the positive control group had the highest weight gain rate and the lowest feed rate, while the negative control group had the lowest weight gain rate and the highest feed coefficient. After supplemented with amino acids and protease in the negative control feed, the weight gain rate and feed coefficient (P> 0.05). After adding amino acids and protease simultaneously, the body weight gain rate increased by 11.5% and the feed coefficient decreased by 0.18 (P <0.05), and the protein deposition rate, dry matter and crude protein digestibility increased significantly. There was no significant difference in water, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash content, crude fat deposition rate, hepatopancrease amylase and lipase activity in all shrimp groups (P> 0.05). The above results showed that the improvement of the growth of L. vannamei was not significant when supplemented with 900 mg / kg microcrystalline methionine, 500 mg / kg microcapsulated lysine or 175 mg / kg protease alone in 15% fishmeal feed Adding microcapsules amino acids and proteases can significantly improve the growth performance of shrimp and nutrient utilization.