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目的 监测北京市婴儿及胎婴儿死亡的变化趋势 ,采取相应措施降低婴儿及胎婴儿死亡率 (FIMR)。方法 对 1992～ 2 0 0 0年出生的 5 90 833名北京市活产婴儿以及同期死亡的 5 85 6名婴儿和 10 499名死胎死产儿的监测资料以动态数列的方法进行分析 ,研究分阶段干预措施的效果。结果 通过分阶段干预 ,婴儿死亡率 (IMR)从 1992年的 12 42‰降至 2 0 0 0年的 6 84‰ ,下降幅度为48% ;胎婴儿死亡率从 19 43‰降至 15 79‰ ,下降幅度为 19%。农村的婴儿死亡率高于城市。通过干预 ,肺炎从婴儿的第 1位死因降为第 4位 ,而先天性心脏病上升为第 1位死因。结论 各阶段有针对性地采取的干预措施效果显著 ,尤其是在降低婴儿可避免死亡方面。胎婴儿死亡率能从另一个角度更全面地反映妇幼保健水平 ,所以在监测婴儿死亡率的同时应关注胎婴儿死亡率。先天性心脏病已成为影响婴儿生存的一个重要疾病 ,因此现阶段应开展从孕期到婴儿期对先天性心脏病的监测和干预研究。
Objective To monitor the trend of infant and fetal death in Beijing and take appropriate measures to reduce infant and fetal infant mortality (FIMR). Methods The monitoring data of 5 90 833 live births in Beijing, 5 856 infants and 10 499 stillbirth dead infants born from 1992 to 2000 were analyzed by dynamic series. Effectiveness of interventions. Results The infant mortality rate (IMR) was reduced from 12 42 ‰ in 1992 to 6 84 ‰ in 2000 by a phased intervention, a decrease of 48%; the infant infant mortality rate dropped from 19 43 ‰ to 15 79 ‰ , A decrease of 19%. Infant mortality in rural areas is higher than in urban areas. Through intervention, pneumonia dropped from No. 1 infant to No. 4 in infants and No. 1 cause of congenital heart disease. CONCLUSIONS Targeted interventions at all stages are effective, especially in reducing infant avoidable death. The infant infant mortality rate can reflect the level of maternal and child health more comprehensively from another perspective. Therefore, we should pay attention to the infant and infant mortality rate while monitoring the infant mortality rate. Congenital heart disease has become an important disease affecting infant survival, so at this stage should be carried out from pregnancy to infancy, monitoring and intervention studies of congenital heart disease.