在露天条件下的栎木栽培香菇,很难做到没有病害的发生,尤其到了第二年的春季出菇阶段,在菇木上会出现一些大型的竞争性真菌,这些有害真菌与香菇争夺营养,从而降低香菇产量,影响香菇质量,同时还会使栽培香菇的栎木发生褐色或白色腐朽,致使香菇失去生存基地而死亡,但菇农们对此还认识不到。针对该问题,本文对山西省晋中地区栎木栽培香菇,出菇阶段发生的大型有害真菌种类及防治技术作一介绍,以期为菇农们在香菇栎本栽培生产中少走弯路,多出产品,出好产品。 1 裂褶菌 Schizophyllum commune 担子果扇形,无柄,侧生,在栎木上散生或呈复瓦状群生,菌盖韧,革质,淡黄白色,表面有绒毛。子实层体褶状,菌褶从基部辐射而出,沿边缘纵向分裂,并向外反卷,菌褶为淡茶色。 In the open-air condition, it is very hard to achieve the no-disease occurrence of the oak-cultivated shiitake mushrooms. In the spring of next year, especially in the fruiting stage, there will be some large-scale competitive fungi on the mushrooms, which compete with the mushrooms for nutrients , Thus reducing the yield of mushrooms, affecting the quality of mushrooms, but also making the growth of oak brown mushrooms or white decay, resulting in loss of living base of mushrooms and death, but mushroom farmers who do not know this. In response to this problem, this paper introduces the types of large harmful fungi that occur during the oak cultivation and the fruiting stage of Jinzhong in Shanxi Province and the prevention and treatment techniques, in order to make the mushroom farmers less detours in the cultivation of oak, Products, a good product. 1 Schizophyllum commune Basidioclean fan-shaped, sessile, lateral, scattered in the oak or complex tile-like group of bacteria, cap tough, leathery, yellowish white, the surface is fluffy. Sub-layer body pleated, glabrous radiations from the base out, along the edge of longitudinal split, and anti-roll outward, gill pleat light brown.