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急性严重哮喘仍然是一种常见的致命疾病,推荐的疗法包括皮下注射肾上腺素,吸入β——肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂,静注氨茶硷及静注氢化考地松日量可达2g。理论上讲急性严重哮喘口服或胃肠外给药法应该比吸入法发挥更好的作用,但四组研究证实静注舒喘灵(羟甲异丁肾上腺素)并不比吸入法更有效。据报道静注氨茶硷比静注较小剂量的舒喘灵作用强而快,mitenko和Ogilvie推荐注入0.9mg/kg体重后随之最大用量可达5.6mg/kg体重氨茶硷,但Hendeles和Wein-berges认为这样用法危险,在某些中毒症状如恶心、头痛出现之前即可发生惊厥、心律失常等严重副反应。
Acute severe asthma is still a common and fatal disease. Recommended therapies include subcutaneous injection of epinephrine, inhalation of beta adrenergic receptor agonists, intravenous aminophylline, and intravenous injection of beta-cortisol in amounts up to 2 g . In theory, oral or parenteral administration of acute or severe asthma should work better than inhalation, but four studies have shown that intravenous salbutamol (meth) is no more effective than inhalation. It has been reported that intravenous aminophylline is stronger and faster than intravenous smaller doses of salbutamol and mitenko and Ogilvie recommend injecting 0.9 mg / kg of body weight followed by up to 5.6 mg / kg of body weight aminophylline, but Hendeles And Wein-berges think this usage is dangerous, in some poisoning symptoms such as nausea, headache can occur before convulsions, arrhythmias and other serious side effects.