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需求分析是专门用途英语(English for Specific Purposes,ESP)课程设置、教学方法选用、教材编写等环节的基础,也是决定ESP课程成败的关键。本文简述了需求分析在ESP教学中的核心地位,回顾了ESP需求分析研究领域几个较有影响力的需求分析模式,其中着重介绍了近年来国外相当有影响力的任务型需求分析模式以及任务型需求分析模式下数据采集的信息源和方法。最后,探讨了ESP需求分析中存在的两个问题:基于直觉的需求分析和需求冲突,以期对本领域的深入研究有所启发。
Requirements analysis is the foundation of courses such as English for Specific Purposes (ESP), selection of teaching methods, compilation of teaching materials, etc. It also determines the success or failure of ESP courses. This article briefly describes the core position of demand analysis in ESP teaching, reviews several influential demand analysis models in the field of ESP requirement analysis, and emphatically introduces the influential task-oriented requirement analysis model in foreign countries in recent years Information Sources and Methods for Data Acquisition in Task - Based Demand Analysis. Finally, two problems in ESP requirement analysis are discussed: the demand-based demand analysis and demand conflict, with a view to inspire the further research in this field.