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武术是中华民族传统的体育运动项目,具有悠久的历史。散打作为武术的重要组成部分也不例外。但是作为现代竞技体育运动项目来开展的时间还不长。俗话说无规矩不成方圆,竞赛规则对比赛起规范导向作用,是比赛最重要的保证。竞技运动的发展又为竞赛规则的修订与完善提供实践基础。采用文献资料法、对比分析法对武术竞赛规则的演变进行透析,结果显示出:(1)规则的不断完善,使运动员的各项技术趋于平衡,更加注重对手的实力和技术间的实用性;(2)结束了以前比赛得分不得势的局面;(3)与国际竞赛接轨;(4)提高比赛的观赏性(5)比赛更加规范,人为因素更少了。最后提出建议,为武术散打竞赛规则的演进提供一些理论依据。
Wushu is a traditional Chinese sport and has a long history. Sanda as an important part of martial arts is no exception. However, as a modern competitive sport to carry out the project is not yet long time. As the saying goes without rules is not a radius, the rules of the game rules play a guiding role in the game is the most important guarantee. The development of competitive sports provides the practical basis for the revision and improvement of competition rules. The results show that: (1) The rules are continuously improved, the various techniques of athletes tend to balance, more emphasis on the strength of opponents and the practicality between technologies ; (2) the end of the game before the score is not the situation; (3) and international competitions; (4) improve the viewing of the game (5) the game more standardized, fewer human factors. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to provide some theoretical basis for the evolution of Wushu Sanda competition rules.