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1.前言日本铁路集团使用的转向架构架主要是由焊接结构用的9mm厚的SM41轧制钢板用涂药焊条电弧焊、埋弧焊和二氧化碳气体保护电弧焊焊接而成。附表所示为转向架构架主要构件所用的各类焊接接头。由于不可能完全消除焊缝的缺陷,因而容许有气孔、夹渣、少许未焊透及未熔合等小缺陷。在使用十年以上的转向架构架焊缝中经常发现疲劳裂纹。产生裂纹的主要原因如下: 1.由于钢板表面和焊缝间界(焊趾)
1. INTRODUCTION The bogie frame used by the Japan Railways Group is mainly made of arc-welded, submerged-arc-welded and carbon dioxide-gas shielded arc welded coated wire with a thickness of 9mm for SM41 welded structures. The schedule shows the various types of welded joints used for the main components of the bogie frame. Since it is impossible to completely eliminate the defects of the weld, it allows pores, slag inclusions, small imperfections such as incomplete penetration and no fusion. Fatigue cracks are often found in the weld of bogie frames that have been used for more than ten years. The main causes of cracks are as follows: 1. Due to the steel plate surface and the weld boundary (weld toe)