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以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,采用溶胶-凝胶及超临界干燥技术制备了掺杂莫来石纤维的SiO2气凝胶复合材料,并对材料的热学性能和力学性能进行了测试,结果表明:SiO2气凝胶复合材料的热导率与其密度、温度和纤维添加量有关;添加莫来石纤维可以明显提高SiO2气凝胶的弹性模量和机械强度,改善材料的力学性能;莫来石纤维添加量控制在3%左右可以使SiO2气凝胶材料保持较低的热导率和较高的机械强度。
SiO 2 airgel composites doped with mullite fibers were prepared by sol-gel and supercritical drying using ethyl orthosilicate as silicon source. The thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were tested. The results It is indicated that the thermal conductivity of SiO2 airgel composites is related to its density, temperature and the amount of fiber added. Adding mullite fiber can obviously increase the elastic modulus and mechanical strength of SiO2 airgel and improve the mechanical properties of the material. Stone fiber added at about 3% can make SiO2 airgel materials to maintain low thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength.