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目的检测甘肃省武威地区腹泻住院婴幼儿肠道星状病毒核酸,以了解全市腹泻病患儿肠道星状病毒的感染状况。方法 2012─2015年收集武威地区1 200例住院腹泻病患儿的粪便标本并提取核酸,用RT-PCR法检测星状病毒。结果 2012─2015年从武威地区1 200份腹泻病住院婴幼儿粪便标本中检出星状病毒154份,检出率为12.83%;全年各月均有病例报告,10月报告患儿占病例总数的10.66%,1月最低占7.25%,星状病毒发病呈现3个高峰,均在冬季,并于次年春季大幅下降,12月检出率最高(29.09%),4月最低(6.12%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=37.41,P<0.05);男性患儿检出率低于女性,男女性别比1∶1.30,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.96,P>0.05);发病年龄集中于13月龄~、占发病总数的17.53%(17/97),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=4.42,P>0.05)。结论星状病毒是武威地区婴幼儿腹泻病的主要病原体之一,发病具有明显的年龄和季节差异,应加强对重点人群的防控工作并建立完善的星状病毒流行监测系统。
Objective To detect infantile intestinal astrovirus nucleic acid in hospitalized diarrhea in Wuwei prefecture of Gansu Province in order to know the status of intestinal astrovirus infection in children with diarrhea in the city. Methods From 2012 to 2015, stool samples of 1,200 children with in-hospital diarrhea in Wuwei area were collected and nucleic acids were extracted. Astrovirus was detected by RT-PCR. Results From 2012 to 2015, 154 cases of astrovirus were detected in stool samples of infants and young children from 1 200 diarrhea hospitalized in Wuwei Prefecture. The detection rate was 12.83%. Cases were reported in all months of the year and cases were reported in October 10.66% of the total number, the lowest in January was 7.25%, and the incidence of astrovirus was 3 peaks in winter and dropped sharply in the next spring. The detection rate was the highest in December (29.09%), the lowest in April (6.12% ), The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 37.41, P <0.05). The detection rate of males was lower than that of females, the sex ratio of males to females was 1: 1.30, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 0.05). The age of onset was about 13 months old, accounting for 17.53% (17/97) of the total. The difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.42, P> 0.05). Conclusions Astrovirus is one of the major pathogens of infantile diarrhea in Wuwei district. The incidence of asthma is obviously different in age and seasons. The prevention and control of key population should be strengthened and a perfect surveillance system of astrovirus should be established.