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海洋溢油污染持续时间长,在自然常态环境下难以分解,对海洋生物资源及生态环境有巨大的危害。由于污染物随海流流动,影响范围不固定,加之石油烃类化合物难以降解,给海洋溢油污染的治理带来了巨大难题。海洋中逸散石油因其特殊的理化性质、毒性效应,不仅对海洋中的生物造成急性或慢性毒性作用,而且可通过食物链富集和转移,最终可能进入人体,对人类的健康造成严重危害。本文通过溢油污染对海洋生态的影响分析及修复方法的研究,为海洋溢油污染的治理提供理论指导。
Marine oil spills have a long duration of pollution and are difficult to decompose under natural normal conditions, posing a great threat to marine living resources and ecological environment. Due to the flow of pollutants with the sea, the impact is not fixed, coupled with the difficult degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the marine oil spill pollution management has brought enormous problems. Due to its special physical and chemical properties and toxic effects, the fugitive petroleum in the oceans not only causes acute or chronic toxicity to organisms in the oceans, but also can accumulate and transfer through the food chain and eventually enter the human body, which may cause serious harm to human health. In this paper, through the analysis of the impact of oil spill pollution on marine ecology and the study of the method of remediation, this paper provides theoretical guidance for the management of marine oil spill pollution.