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本文就认识是一个具有“解剖结构”、由多种活动和功能表现集合起来并产生一定结果的动态系统,客观地作了简要概述。本文认为认识系统从其“解剖结构”来看包括主体、客体、中介三个子系统,而它们作为一个整体结构是按照主体性原则建构起来的。主体性依赖于主体势、主体现实的认知定势和认知临场状态。文章提出了主体客体相关律和由这种相关律所制约的认识进化发展结构,由主体所掌握的中介系统是主体客体相关律中的变量。本文还认为,认识作为一个有结构的系统只存在于动态过程中,只有通过现实的实践活动和意识、思维活动,通过这些活动的功能表现才能建构起来。本文最后从实践活动和意识、思维活动结果的角度,概述了主体与客体相互转化的表现,强调要追求理想对象,在必然王国中争取自由,创造有其物质文明和精神文明的人的世界。这些既是人类认识世界和改造世界的内在目的性原则,也是一切认识关系系统中主体性原则的根本表现。
In this paper, cognition is a dynamic system with “anatomical structure”, which is composed of many kinds of activities and functions and produces some results. This dissertation holds that cognitive system includes three subsystems of subject, object and intermediary from its “anatomical structure”, and they are constructed as a whole structure according to the principle of subjectivity. Subjectivity depends on the main potential, the main cognitive reality and cognitive status. The article puts forward the related law of subject and object, and the structure of cognition and evolutionary development restricted by this related law. The intermediary system controlled by subject is the variable in the law of subject. This article also believes that cognition as a structured system only exists in the dynamic process, only through the actual practice activities and awareness, thinking activities, through the performance of these activities can be constructed. In the end, the article summarizes the performance of mutual transformation between the subject and the object from the perspectives of practice activities and consciousness and the result of thinking activities, emphasizes the pursuit of the ideal object, the freedom of the inevitable kingdom and the creation of a world of people with material and spiritual civilization. These are both the intrinsic purpose and principle of human understanding of the world and the transformation of the world. They are also the fundamental manifestation of all the subjective principles in the system of understanding.