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到目前为止,氨茶碱仍是临床常用的平喘药,有强心利尿、解痉平喘、兴奋中枢。它的副作用亦较多,却治疗剂量与中毒非常接近。它的毒副作用因人而异,尤其老年人及儿童,更易中毒,患者可出现烦躁不安、恶心呕吐。静脉注射速度过快,剂量过大,浓度过高时,可强烈兴奋神经中枢和心脏,呼吸频率增快,碱中毒,全身肌肉颤抖,抽搐昏迷。心率增快,各种心律失常,血压下降,甚至死亡。临床上患者的个体差异、剂量不宜掌握等因素,造成了该药易中毒,甚至死亡。本文报道1例氨茶碱急性中毒,以警示人们,提高安全用药意识,做到准确无误,避免药物的不良反应、毒副作用出现或降低到最小限度。尤为当前,因用药不当引起的严重不良反应。
So far, aminophylline is still commonly used in clinical asthma medicine, a cardiac diuretic, antispasmodic asthma, central nervous excitement. Its side effects are more, but the treatment dose is very close to poisoning. Its side effects vary from person to person, especially the elderly and children, more susceptible to poisoning, patients may be irritable, nausea and vomiting. Intravenous injection speed too fast, overdose, the concentration is too high, you can strongly excite the nerve center and heart, respiratory rate, alkalosis, muscle tremors, convulsions coma. Heart rate increased, a variety of arrhythmias, blood pressure drops, and even death. Clinic patients with individual differences, dosage should not be mastered and other factors, resulting in the drug susceptible to poisoning, and even death. This article reports 1 case of acute theophylline poisoning, to alert people, improve safety awareness of medication, be accurate, to avoid adverse drug reactions, side effects occur or reduced to a minimum. Especially at present, due to improper use of drugs caused serious adverse reactions.