随着改革开放和社会主义市场经济的发展,我国公众的社会心理也发生了重大变化。从积极方面来看,人们的自由平等意识、民主法制意识、开放意识、竞争意识、效率意识和开拓创新意识有了很大增强,社会心理从整体而言日益走向成熟和理智。但同时,市场经济本身的弱点反映到人们的精神世界中,滋长了一些消极、落后、颓废的社会心理,进而影响到社会稳定和现代化进程。这种消极的社会心理主要有:一、高期望心理。市场经济的发展使人们增加了收入,改善了生活条件,但同时也进一步刺激了人们的欲望。这种不满足的心理,一方面能够刺激人们积极上进,努力提高生活水平;但另一方面,当人们的期望和要求在社会现实中得不到满足时,会形成对社会的不满,影响社会稳定。期望增长只有同经济增长同步趋进,才能实现社会满足,但经济发展由于受各种因素的制约,不可能一帆风顺。当满足的增速低于期望的增速时,公众期望的挫 With the reform and opening up and the development of socialist market economy, great changes have taken place in the social psychology of our public. From a positive perspective, people’s consciousness of freedom and equality, democracy and legal system, open-mindedness, competitive awareness, efficiency awareness and pioneering and innovative awareness have greatly increased. Social psychology has increasingly become more mature and rational overall. However, at the same time, the weaknesses of the market economy are reflected in the spiritual world of the people, and some passive, backward and decadent social psychologies are developing, which in turn affects the process of social stability and modernization. This negative social psychology are: First, high expectations of psychology. The development of a market economy has enabled people to increase their incomes and improve their living conditions, but at the same time they have further stimulated people’s desires. On the other hand, when people’s expectations and demands are not met in the social reality, they will become dissatisfied with the society and affect the society. On the other hand, this unsatisfying psychology can stimulate people to make progress and work hard to improve their living standards. stable. Expecting growth can only achieve social satisfaction only if it accelerates simultaneously with economic growth, but economic development can not always be easy because of various constraints. The public desperately wants frustration when the rate of satisfaction of growth falls below the expected rate of growth