民国初期 ,政党林立 ,各种政治力量的分化与组合十分复杂。尽管如此 ,当时基本的政治力量仍然是资产阶级中下层的代表革命派和资产阶级上层的代表君主立宪派。这两大派别在临时参议院中分别表现为同盟会和共和党。除此之外 ,就是代表封建势力的以袁世凯为首的北洋军阀官僚派 , In the early Republican China, the political parties were scattered and the division and combination of various political forces was very complicated. Nevertheless, the basic political forces at that time were still the representative constitutionalists represented by the middle-lower representatives of the bourgeoisie and the upper representatives of the bourgeoisie. The two major factions are represented by the Provisional Senate as the Confederation and the Republican. In addition, the northern warlords and bureaucrats led by Yuan Shikai, representing the feudal forces,