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本文基于环境社会系统的可持续发展理论,以林业为例讨论了通过转变经济发展方式、实现经济发展与生物多样性保护互利共赢的一般原则与方法;指出:当前我国存在着林业发展模式与森林生态系统平衡之间的矛盾,其解决方法在于平衡森林生态系统的功能、林业产业体系的特点、以及人类对林业产品服务的需求三者关系,建立近自然林业经营系统、均衡开发林业木质资源与非木质资源,以及非物质资源产品,提高经济与生态整体绩效;并结合浙江省临安市白沙村案例,分析了通过林权改革、引进外部智力,发展近自然林业产业,实现经济与生物多样性保护互利共赢,并讨论了有利于促进经济发展与生物多样性保护的体制机制创新。
Based on the theory of sustainable development of environment and social system, this paper discusses the general principles and methods of economic development and biodiversity conservation by changing the pattern of economic development and taking forestry as an example. It is pointed out that there are some problems in forestry development mode and The solution to the contradiction between the balance of forest ecosystems lies in balancing the functions of forest ecosystems, the characteristics of the forest industry system and the human demand for forestry products and services, establishing a near natural forest management system, and balancing the development of forestry wood resources And non-wood resources, as well as non-material resources products to improve the overall economic and ecological performance; combined with the case of Baisha Village, Lin’an City, Zhejiang Province, this paper analyzes the economic and biological diversity through the reform of forest tenure, the introduction of external intelligence and the development of near-natural forestry industry Protection and mutual benefit, and discussed innovation of institutional mechanisms conducive to promoting economic development and biodiversity conservation.