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【目的】为牧民定居区提供合理利用饲料玉米的科学方法。【方法】对乳熟期、腊熟期和黄熟期的新青13号玉米(青贮型)进行青贮实验,分析其发酵品质和营养成分的变化,研究该品种最佳青贮时期。【结果】随着生长期的延长,原料乳熟期到黄熟期干物质、NDF含量呈增长趋势,粗蛋白质、ADF呈减少趋势,乳熟期钙、磷含量与腊熟期和黄熟期之间差异极显著(P<0.01),粗脂肪和粗灰分含量没有较大变化。青贮料pH及氨态氮含量在各生长期青贮间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。乳熟期的乳酸含量分别高于腊熟期和黄熟期(P<0.01),丁酸含量分别低于腊熟期和黄熟期(P<0.01)。乳熟期到黄熟期青贮料的干物质、NDF含量呈增长趋势,粗蛋白质、ADF保持减少趋势,青贮料的钙、磷含量有所下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。其他养分基本保持不变。【结论】乳熟期是新春13号最佳青贮制作时期。
【Objective】 To provide a scientific method for rational use of fodder maize for herdsmen’s settlements. 【Method】 The silage experiment was conducted on the maize, silage and yellow stage of Xinqing No. 13 maize (silage type). The changes of fermentation quality and nutrient contents were analyzed to study the optimal silage stage. 【Result】 With the extension of growth period, the NDF content increased from the milky milky stage to the yellow maturity stage. The crude protein and ADF showed a decreasing trend. The content of calcium and phosphorus in milky milky stage was significantly lower than that between the ripening stage and the ripening stage The difference was significant (P <0.01), there was no significant change in crude fat and crude ash content. There was no significant difference in silage pH and ammonia nitrogen content between silages at each growth stage (P> 0.05). The content of lactic acid in milk ripening stage was higher than that in ripening stage and yellow ripening stage respectively (P <0.01), while the content of butyric acid was lower than that in ripening stage and yellow ripening stage respectively (P <0.01). NDF content showed a tendency of increasing while the content of crude protein and ADF kept decreasing. The content of calcium and phosphorus in silage decreased, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). Other nutrients remained unchanged. 【Conclusion】 Milky maturity is the best silage production period of New Year 13.