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采用ISSR标记对采自我国11个省的玉米茎腐病相关禾谷镰孢的遗传多样性进行分析。利用筛选出的14个ISSR引物对供试的115株禾谷镰孢菌株进行扩增,共获得63条扩增清晰、重复性高的条带,其中多态性条带为60条,占95.2%。扩增条带分子量为150～2000bp,平均每个引物扩增出4.5条带。遗传多样性分析表明,在地理种群水平上,基因多样性指数在0～0.2919之间,平均为0.1591;Shannon‘s多样性指数在0～0.4252之间,平均为0.2360,表明不同地理种群间存在一定的遗传变异。多样性指数、等位基因数的增大与各种群内样本数量增加有关。遗传相似性分析证明,山东省种群与河南省种群间的遗传相似性最高,内蒙古种群与河北省种群间遗传相似性最低。在相似性系数为0.682时,可将115个菌株区分为2个聚类组,各组下又可分为3个亚组,分组结果与菌株的地理来源有一定相关性,表明禾谷镰孢的遗传分化与生态地理有关。
The ISSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of Fusarium graminearum related to stalk rot in 11 provinces in China. A total of 115 bands of Fusarium graminearum isolates were screened from 14 ISSR primers screened, and 63 bands were amplified with high repeatability, of which 60 bands were polymorphic (95.2%) %. The molecular weight of amplified bands was 150-2000bp, and 4.5 bands were amplified by each primer. The analysis of genetic diversity showed that at the geographical population level, the genetic diversity index ranged from 0 to 0.2919 with an average of 0.1591; Shannon’s diversity index ranged from 0 to 0.4252 with an average of 0.2360, indicating that there was a significant difference between different geographic populations A certain degree of genetic variation. The diversity index and the increase of the allele number are related to the increase of the number of samples in each group. Genetic similarity analysis showed that the genetic similarity between Shandong population and Henan population was the highest, while that between Inner Mongolia population and Hebei province was the lowest. When the similarity coefficient was 0.682, 115 strains could be divided into two cluster groups and each group could be divided into three subgroups. The grouping results were related to the geographical origin of the strains, indicating that Fusarium graminearum The genetic differentiation and eco-geography.