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目的探讨蛋类食物的摄入与心血管疾病危险因素之间的关联。方法采用随机抽样的横断面设计,使用食物频数问卷(FFQ)在广州市越秀区人民街调查了459名居民的膳食摄入情况,检测身高、体重和血压,抽取空腹静脉血检测血脂(TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG)、凝血酶原时间(PT)和纤维蛋白原(Fibrinogen),进行心电图检查(心率和QT间期)以及用B超检测颈动脉血管壁内中膜厚度(IMT),分析鸡蛋摄入次数与心血管疾病危险因素之间的关联。根据鸡蛋摄入次数将研究对象分为4组,用方差分析和协方差分析研究组间心血管疾病危险因素的差异和线性趋势。结果 459名研究对象中男性174人,女性285人,平均每人每周吃2.5次鸡蛋(中位数)。根据鸡蛋摄入次数分为4组:<1次/周、≥1且<3次/周、≥3且<6次/周、≥6次/周。4组人数分别为:62(13.5%)、187(40.7%)、120(26.1%)和90(19.6%)人。在未校正混杂因素的模型中,蛋类食物的摄入与血浆TC和LDL-C存在负相关关系,蛋类食物摄入量最多组(≥6次/周)相比于最低组(<1次/周),血浆TC和LDL-C分别低8.8%(P<0.01)和11.7%(P<0.05);校正了多种因素后,蛋类食物的摄入与血浆TC(P<0.05)和LDL-C(P<0.01)存在负相关关系。未发现蛋类摄入量与血压、HDL、PT、纤维蛋白原、心率及QTc之间存在关联(均P>0.05)。结论该研究提示蛋类摄入可能与血浆TC和LDL-C存在负相关。
Objective To explore the relationship between the intake of egg food and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Methods A total of 459 residents were surveyed for food intake by using FFQ in Renmin Street, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for the detection of blood lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG), prothrombin time (PT), and fibrinogen were measured for electrocardiogram (heart rate and QT interval) and carotid artery intima-media thickness IMT) to analyze the correlation between the frequency of egg intake and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the number of eggs ingested. Differences and linear trends of cardiovascular risk factors among groups were analyzed by ANOVA and covariance analysis. Results Among the 459 subjects, there were 174 males and 285 females, with an average of 2.5 eggs per week (median). According to the frequency of egg intake is divided into 4 groups: <1 times / week,> 1 and <3 times / week,> 3 and <6 times / week,> 6 times / week. The four groups were 62 (13.5%), 187 (40.7%), 120 (26.1%) and 90 (19.6%) respectively. In the unadjusted confounding model, there was a negative correlation between dietary intake of eggs and plasma TC and LDL-C, with the highest intake of dietary protein (≥6 beats / week) (P <0.01), and the plasma TC and LDL-C levels were lower by 8.8% (P <0.01) and 11.7% (P < And LDL-C (P <0.01) had a negative correlation. There was no correlation between egg intake and blood pressure, HDL, PT, fibrinogen, heart rate and QTc (all P> 0.05). Conclusion The study suggests that egg intake may be negatively correlated with plasma TC and LDL-C.