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为了进一步降低无线传感器网络的能量消耗,延长整个网络的生命周期,提出了一种能量均衡.多跳路由协议EBMH(energy-balanced multi-hop routing protocol).在簇头选取阶段,EBMH通过引入一个与节点剩余能量和全网平均能量有关的指数函数作为权值系数,选举网络的簇头,并提出了一种基于指数权重移动平均(EWMA)的方法计算全网的平均能量,减少了网络各节点之间的数据通信;在各簇头节点与基站之间的数据传输阶段,EBMH采用典型的最短路径算法Dijkstra,以与节点能量和距离有关的系数作为Dijkstra算法节点间的权值,寻找簇头节点间的最小能量传输路径.EBMH通过多跳路由的方式传输数据,减少了数据传输过程中的能量消耗.仿真实验结果表明,EBMH能够显著延长网络的生命周期,均衡网络的能量消耗,同时有效地降低了节点的能量消耗.
In order to further reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks and extend the life cycle of the entire network, an energy-balanced multi-hop routing protocol (EBMH) is proposed. During the cluster head selection phase, The exponential function related to the residual energy of the nodes and the average energy of the whole network is used as the weight coefficient to select the cluster head and a method based on Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) is proposed to calculate the average energy of the whole network, In the phase of data transmission between each cluster head node and base station, EBMH uses the typical shortest path algorithm Dijkstra to take the node energy and distance related coefficients as the weight between Dijkstra algorithm nodes to find the cluster The minimum energy transmission path between head nodes.EBMH transmits data by multi-hop routing, reducing the energy consumption during data transmission.The simulation results show that EBMH can significantly extend the life cycle of the network and balance the network energy consumption, at the same time Effectively reduce the node’s energy consumption.