目的探讨脑梗死大鼠软脑膜血管吻合与脑梗死内血管数目及梗死灶周边血管面积的关系。方法试验分为对照组及梗死组,通过线栓法闭塞大脑中动脉建立大鼠脑梗死模型,对照组则不插入线栓。在术前、术后1 d、术后3 d、术后7 d,采用大鼠的神经功能三项评分评估大鼠神经功能恢复情况;TTC染色计算梗死大鼠梗死面积比;采用嗜银染色计算在梗死灶内新生血管数目;采用乳胶灌注方法评估梗死灶周边软脑膜吻合情况;采用尾静脉注射荧光右旋糖苷方法显示梗死灶周边的血管面积。结果在术前,对照组和梗死组神经功能评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3、7 d,梗死组神经功能评分明显高于对照组,而梗死灶内血管数目明显少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、3 d,梗死灶周边软脑膜吻合血管面积明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而术后7 d,梗死灶周边软脑膜吻合血管面积明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后第7天梗死大鼠的梗死面积比明显小于术后第1天的面积比(P<0.05)。大鼠梗死侧软脑膜血管面积与梗死灶内再生血管数目、大鼠梗死周边血管面积呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论梗死灶周边软脑膜血管吻合与梗死后再生血管、梗死面积缩小及神经功能恢复有关。 Objective To investigate the relationship between vascular anastomosis and cerebral infarction in cerebral infarction rats and the relationship between the number of peripheral blood vessels and infarct size. Methods The experimental group was divided into control group and infarction group. The cerebral infarction model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery by thread occlusion. The control group was not inserted with thread plug. The neurological function recovery was evaluated by using the three neurological scores of rats on the first postoperative day, the first postoperative day, the third postoperative day, the third postoperative day and the seventh postoperative day. The area ratio of infarction in infarcted rats was calculated by TTC staining. The number of neovascularization in the infarct was calculated. Lateral perfusion method was used to evaluate the anastomosis of the pia mater in the infarct area. The area of ​​blood vessels around the infarct was detected by fluorescence dextran injection through tail vein. Results Before operation, there was no significant difference in neurological score between control group and infarction group (P> 0.05). At 1, 3 and 7 days after operation, the scores of neurological function in infarction group were significantly higher than those in control group, while the numbers of blood vessels in infarction group were significantly less than those in control group (P <0.05). At 1 and 3 days after operation, the area of ​​parenchyma of the pia mater was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01), while the area of ​​parenchymatous anastomosis at 7 days after operation was significantly more than that of the control Group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The area of ​​infarction in infarcted rats on the 7th day after operation was significantly smaller than that on the first day after operation (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between the area of ​​cerebral vessels in infarct side and the number of regenerated blood vessels in infarcted area and the area of ​​peripheral blood vessels in infarcted area (P <0.01). Conclusion The anastomosis of the pia mater of infarction area is related to the revascularization after infarction, the reduction of infarct area and the recovery of nerve function.