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为了加强我国溢油应急标准化研究,提高溢油应急处置水平,综述了国内外溢油应急技术标准现状,重点对美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)与国内溢油应急技术标准在溢油应急管理、溢油监测与预测、溢油围控、溢油回收设备性能选用与测试、溢油回收材料与化学制剂、溢油应急安全等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明:我国溢油应急技术方面的标准缺失严重,不少标准对于物资的性能指标测试及应用的规定尚不完善。进而指出了我国溢油应急标准存在的不足与发展方向,有必要加强对物资的性能指标及应用方面的研究,强化溢油应急标准的制修订工作,进一步完善溢油应急标准体系。
In order to strengthen the standardization of oil spill emergency response in our country and improve the level of oil spill emergency response, the current situation of domestic and international oil spill emergency technical standards is reviewed. The main points of this paper are summarized as follows: the standard of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and domestic spill emergency technical standards in oil spill emergency management, Oil spill monitoring and prediction, oil spill control, oil spill recovery equipment performance selection and testing, oil spill recovery materials and chemical agents, oil spill emergency safety and other aspects were compared. The results show that the standard of oil spill emergency technology in our country lacks seriously. Many standards are not yet perfect for testing and applying the performance indexes of materials. Furthermore, it points out the shortcomings and development direction of the oil spill emergency standards in our country. It is necessary to strengthen the research on the performance index and application of the materials, strengthen the revision and revision of oil spill contingency standards, and further improve the oil spill emergency standard system.