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树枝状大分子(dendrimer)是一种高度支化、纳米尺度的人工合成大分子,具有独特的物理化学性能和重要的应用前景。利用具有8个可官能化顶点的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为树枝状大分子的核心,可在一定程度上简化树枝状大分子繁琐的合成与分离过程,在低代数时就可获得较大的表面官能团密度,并使树枝状分子呈现球形对称结构。POSS基树枝状大分子结合了POSS和树枝状分子结构与性能的优势,是一类极具潜力的有机-无机纳米杂化材料。本文综述了近年来POSS基树枝状大分子的最新研究成果,介绍了具有代表性的POSS基树枝状大分子的合成方法以及它们在催化剂、生物材料、液晶材料和发光材料等领域的应用研究进展,并对该新型材料的发展趋势做了展望。
Dendrimer is a highly branched, nanoscale synthetic macromolecule with unique physicochemical properties and important application prospects. Using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with eight functionalizable vertices as the core of dendrimer can simplify the cumbersome synthesis and separation process of dendrimer to a certain degree. During low algebra Can obtain a larger surface functional group density, and the dendrimer spherical symmetry structure. POSS-based dendritic macromolecules combine the advantages of POSS and dendrimer structure and properties and are a promising class of organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites. This review summarizes the latest research results of POSS-based dendrimers in recent years, and introduces the synthesis of representative POSS-based dendrimers and their applications in the field of catalysts, biomaterials, liquid crystal materials and luminescent materials , And made a prospect of the development trend of this new material.