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选用高蛋白品种KB008(KB008)、高脂肪品种花17(H17)和高油酸/亚油酸(O/L)品种农大818(818),在大田栽培条件下,研究了盛花后期叶面喷施多效唑(PBZ)对不同品质类型花生产量、品质及相关碳、氮代谢酶活性的影响.结果表明:喷施PBZ显著增加了3种品质类型花生荚果产量,原因是增加了单株结果数,降低了千克果数而提高了双仁果率.喷施PBZ不同程度地提高了3种类型花生籽仁脂肪和可溶性糖含量,降低了蛋白质含量,显著增加了高脂肪品种H17的O/L值.PBZ使高O/L值品种818的脂肪含量增加显著,同时其蛋白质含量显著降低,而对其他两品种的蛋白质和脂肪含量影响较小.喷施PBZ均降低了3种类型花生结荚期叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)活性及结荚期和饱果期叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性,818的3种酶活性降低幅度最大,KB008和H17的酶活性降幅较小;喷施PBZ均降低了3种类型花生结荚期和饱果期叶片谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性.说明氮代谢酶活性的降低是喷施PBZ降低3种类型花生籽仁蛋白质含量的主要原因.喷施PBZ均提高了3品种结荚期和饱果期叶片蔗糖合成酶和磷酸蔗糖合成酶活性,其中显著提高了818的2种酶活性,而对KB008和H17的活性提高不显著;喷施PBZ提高了3品种结荚期和饱果期的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶和1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶活性,其中对818在结荚期的活性提高最显著,对H17活性提高较小.碳代谢酶活性的增强是喷施PBZ提高花生籽仁脂肪含量的生理基础.
High-protein cultivar KB008 (KB008), high-fat cultivar Hua17 (H17) and high-oleic / linoleic acid (O / L) cultivar Nongda 818 (818) Effects of PBZ on the yield and quality of peanut and the activities of related carbon and nitrogen metabolism enzymes of peanut were studied.The results showed that the PBZ application significantly increased the yield of peanut pod in three quality types because of the increase of number of fruit per plant, Reduced the number of fruit per kilogram, and increased the rate of double kernel fruit.PBZ spray increased the fat and soluble sugar content of three types of peanut kernel to a certain extent, decreased the protein content and significantly increased the O / L value of high fat variety H17 .PBZ significantly increased the fat content of high O / L variety 818, while its protein content decreased significantly, while it had little effect on the protein and fat content of the other two varieties. Spraying PBZ reduced the peanut pod stage The activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and the activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase in the podding and full-fruit stages were the highest, while the activities of the three enzymes in the 818 were the largest, while the activities of KB008 and H17 were less Spraying PBZ reduced the pod stage and peanut pod of three types Fruit leaf period aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity.It shows that the decrease of nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity is the main reason of PBZ reducing the protein content of the three types of peanut seed.The spraying PBZ increased the podding period and full fruit period of 3 varieties Leaf sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase activity, which significantly increased the activity of two enzymes 818, and KB008 and H17 activity was not significantly increased; spray PBZ increased pod stage and full-term three varieties of phosphoenol Alcohol pyruvate carboxylase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity, of which 818 in the pod stage activity increased the most significant increase in H17 activity was less enhanced carbon metabolic enzyme activity is spray Physiological Basis of Applying PBZ to Increase the Fat Content of Peanut Seeds.