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目的探讨体力活动与青春前期女童骨量的关系。方法采用双能 X 线骨密度测量仪测量年龄在(10±1)岁的194名青春早期女童全身、股骨颈、Ward 三角区和 L1-L4的骨密度(BMD)和骨矿物质含量(BMC),采用问卷和跟踪记录调查女童的体力活动和膳食钙摄入。结果日均承重和日均总体力活动能耗与上述位点 BMD 和 BMC 均显著正相关,而非承重体力活动与 BMD 和 BMC无显著相关。BMD 和 BMC 随着承重体力活动能耗增高而增高,平均能耗从950 kJ(227 kcal/d)增加到1737 kJ(415 kcal/d)时,各位点 BMC 增加17.5%～29.0%,BMD 增加8.8%～17.1%。结论青春前期女童适当增加体力活动量,尤其是承重体力活动量,有助于获得更多的骨量积累。
Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity and bone mass in pre-adolescent girls. Methods The bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of 194 adolescent early girls with age of 10 ± 1 were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in whole body, femoral neck, Ward triangle and L1- ), Using questionnaires and tracking records to investigate girls’ physical activity and dietary calcium intake. Results Daily load-bearing and average daily total energy expenditure activities were significantly and positively correlated with BMD and BMC at the above sites, while non-load-bearing physical activity had no significant correlation with BMD and BMC. BMD and BMC increased with the increase of energy consumption of physical activities under load. The mean BMC increased 17.5% -29.0% at each site from 950 kJ (227 kcal / d) to 1737 kJ (415 kcal / d), and BMD increased 8.8% ~ 17.1%. Conclusion Pre-adolescent girls to increase physical activity, especially the amount of physical activity load, help to gain more bone mass.