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目的研究西沙驻岛人员的心理应激状态、个性特征、心理应付方式特点和社会支持对健康的影响。方法以西沙岛屿209官兵作为调查组(以下称西沙组),同一部属的沿海地区人员223人为对照组,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性测量问卷(EPQ)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、应付方式问卷和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对两组人员进行测评。结果西沙组SCL-90各因子、阳性项目数、总均分均不同程度高于对照组(P<0.001),神经质分(EPQ-N)明显高于对照组(P<0.001),而掩饰分(EPQ-L)低于对照组(P<0.05);西沙组36.36%存在睡眠质量问题。西沙组解决问题因子分显著低于对照组,自责、退避、幻想、合理化因子分显著高于对照组,客观支持分、支持利用度、支持总分均显著低于对照组。结论心理应激反应影响驻岛人员认知、情感、行为、适应等,对驻岛人员应进行心理干预,重新构造认知应对策略,营造良好的社会支持系统。
Objective To study the psychological stressors, personality traits, psychological coping styles and social support on Xishuansi Island residents’ health. METHODS: A total of 209 officers and men of Xisha Island were investigated as SCL-90, EPQ, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Coping Style Questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results The levels of SCL-90 in Xisha group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.001), and the scores of positive items and EPQ-N were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.001) (EPQ-L) was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). There was a problem of sleep quality in 36.36% of the Xisha group. Xisha group to solve the problem factor was significantly lower than the control group, self-blame, retreat, fantasy, rationalization factor score was significantly higher than the control group, objective support points, support utilization, support scores were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion Psychological stress response affects the cognition, emotion, behavior and adaptation of the island residents. Psychological intervention should be performed on the island residents to reconstruct their cognitive strategies and create a good social support system.