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目的:分析长沙县2011~2013年手足口病流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供学依据。方法:将全国法定传染病疫情报告系统收集到的手足口病病例按年份、年龄、性别以及职业等建库,采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果:长沙县2011~2013年手足口病累计报告病例数为9365例,年均发病率为311.44/10万,病死率为0.17%;全年各月均有病例发生,5月和11月发病率最高,分别为46.95/10万、47.89/10万;不同乡镇的年均发病率差异较大,发病病例年龄构成以5岁以下的儿童为主,占发病总数的97%;男性病例年均发病率为361.90/10万,女性病例年均发病率为257.21/10万,年均性别比为1.41:1;结论:长沙县的手足口病发病率处于较高水平,5月和11月发病率最高,发病率男性高于女性,5岁以下年龄组发病率最高,散居儿童和幼托儿童是多发人群。应特别重视对5岁以下年龄组人群手足口病的防控工作,同时加强手足口病的监测工作。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Changsha County from 2011 to 2013 and provide evidences for effective prevention and control measures. Methods: The hand, foot and mouth disease cases collected by the national legal infectious disease outbreak reporting system were collected according to year, age, sex and occupation, and the data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 software. Results: The total reported cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changsha County from 2011 to 2013 were 9365 cases, with an average annual incidence of 311.44 / 100 000 and a case fatality rate of 0.17%. Cases were reported in all months of the year and in May and November The highest rates were 46.95 / 100,000 and 47.89 / 100,000, respectively. The average annual incidence rates of different townships were quite different. The age of cases was mainly composed of children under 5 years old, accounting for 97% of the total cases. The average annual incidence of male cases The incidence rate was361.90 / 100000, the average annual incidence rate of female cases was257.21 / 100000, the average sex ratio was1.41: 1. Conclusion: The incidence of HFMD in Changsha County is at a high level, and the incidence in May and November The highest incidence rate of males than females, the highest incidence of age group 5 years of age, diaspora and preschool children are multiple groups. Special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in people under age 5 and the monitoring of hand, foot and mouth disease.