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本文利用开口薄壁杆件约束扭转的应力分析理论,对一端固定而另一端刚性联接的开口薄壁圆筒,同时承受轴向力和横向力时的应力分量及复合应力,作了分析计算。而且,提出了利用应变电测技术,对各应力进行实验研究的方案。实验结果与计算值的误差在(0.5—10)％的范围内。理论与实验应力分析的结果表明,开口薄壁园筒,最大约束扭转正应力是最大弯曲正应力的3.6倍;弯曲—约束扭转所产生的最大剪应力是弯曲剪应力的4.4倍。可见,约束扭转是导致开口薄壁杆件破坏的主要因素。本文所列出的图表和实验结果,为这类构件的优化设计,以及对现有类似结构安全性的鉴定,提供了可靠的依据和有效的方法。
In this paper, the theory of stress analysis of open-ended thin-walled members restricting torsion is used to analyze and calculate the stress components and composite stresses of an open thin-walled cylinder with one end fixed and the other end rigidly connected, while receiving both axial and lateral forces. In addition, a scheme for the experimental investigation of each stress using strained electrical measurement technology was proposed. The error between the experimental results and the calculated values is in the range of (0.5 - 10)%. The theoretical and experimental stress analysis results show that the maximum constrained torsional normal stress is 3.6 times the maximum normal bending stress for the open-walled cylinder, and 4.4 times the bending-constrained torsional stress. It can be seen that restraint twisting is the main factor that causes damage to open thin-walled rods. The charts and experimental results listed in this article provide a reliable basis and an effective method for the optimal design of such components and for the identification of existing similar structural safety.