国企改革是我国经济体制改革的重中之重，又是难中之难。面对市场的冲击，面对企业历史包袱沉重，富裕人员增多，经济效益下滑，机制难以搞活，生存陷入困境的状况，不少地方和企业突破旧的模式，在企业产权关系上选择了股份制合作制这种改革形式（即由企业职工买断企业全部或 The reform of state-owned enterprises is the most important issue of China’s economic system reform. It is also difficult. Faced with the impact of the market, in the face of a heavy burden on the company’s history, an increase in wealthy personnel, a decline in economic efficiency, the mechanism is difficult to invigorate, and survival is in trouble, many localities and enterprises have broken through the old model, and have chosen joint-stock cooperation on the property right relationship of the enterprise. This form of reform (ie